Development of a Test Instrument to Investigate Secondary School Students’ Declarative Knowledge of Quantum Optics

This article reports the development and validation of a test instrument to assess secondary school students’ declarative quantum optics knowledge. With that, we respond modern developments from physics education research: Numerous researchers propose optics-based introductory courses in physics, focusing on experiments with heralded photons. Our instrument’s is based standards literature, follow contemporary conception validity. We present results three studies various assumptions taken together, justify valid score interpretation, provide psychometric characterization instrument. The shown enable reliable (α = 0.78) survey knowledge photons empirically separable subscales.